Kufa ndi chiyani
Die casting ndi njira yopangira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo zolondola kwambiri komanso zomaliza.Zimaphatikizapo kukakamiza chitsulo chosungunula mu nkhungu pansi pa kupanikizika kwakukulu.Mphuno ya nkhungu imapangidwa ndi zitsulo ziwiri zolimba zomwe zimapangidwira mu mawonekedwe omwe akufuna.
Njirayi imayamba ndi kusungunuka kwachitsulo, makamaka aluminiyamu, zinki, kapena magnesium, mu ng'anjo.Chitsulo chosungunulacho chimalowetsedwa mu nkhungu ndi kuthamanga kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira a hydraulic.Chitsulocho chimalimba mofulumira mkati mwa nkhungu, ndipo magawo awiri a nkhungu amatsegulidwa kuti atulutse gawo lomaliza.
Die casting imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kupanga magawo okhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta komanso makoma owonda, monga midadada ya injini, nyumba zotumizira, ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zamagalimoto ndi zakuthambo.Njirayi imatchukanso popanga zinthu zogula, monga zoseweretsa, zida zapakhitchini, ndi zamagetsi.
Pressure Die Casting
Die casting ndi njira yapaderadera yomwe yakula kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 20.Zomwe zimapangidwira zimaphatikizapo: zitsulo zosungunuka zimatsanuliridwa / jekeseni mu nkhungu yachitsulo ndi kuthamanga kwapamwamba, kuthamanga kosalekeza komanso kowonjezereka (mu kuponyedwa kwachitsulo) ndi kuziziritsa chitsulo chosungunula chimalimba kuti chikhale cholimba.Kawirikawiri, ndondomeko yokha imangotenga masekondi angapo ndipo ndi njira yofulumira yopangira zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira.Die casting ndi yoyenera ku zinthu monga malata, lead, zinki, aluminiyamu, magnesiamu mpaka ma aloyi amkuwa komanso ma aloyi achitsulo monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.Ma alloys omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano poponya magazi ndi aluminium, zinc ndi magnesium.Kuyambira pamakina oyambilira a die cast omwe amawongolera zida za kufa molunjika mpaka pamlingo wamba wamayendedwe opingasa ndi magwiridwe antchito, kukhazikika kwa matayi anayi komanso magawo oyendetsedwa bwino ndi makompyuta momwe njira yapitira patsogolo zaka zambiri.
Kampaniyo yakula kukhala makina opangira padziko lonse lapansi, kupanga zida zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zambiri zomwe zitha kufikika kuchokera kwa iwo okha popeza ntchito yopangira ma die castings ndi osiyanasiyana.
Ubwino wa kuponderezana umafa
Zina mwazabwino za kuthamanga kwamphamvu kufa:
• Njirayi ndiyoyenera kupanga voliyumu yayikulu.
• Pangani ma castings ovuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi njira zina zopangira zitsulo (monga machining).
• Zida zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zimapangidwa mumtundu wa as cast (malinga ndi kapangidwe ka chigawo).
• Dimensional repeatability.
• Zigawo zoonda za khoma zotheka (monga 1-2.5mm).
• Kulolera bwino kwa mzere (monga 2mm/m).
• Kutha bwino kwa pamwamba (monga 0.5-3 µm).
Njira yopangira kutentha kwa chipinda chotenthetsera kufa kumaphatikizapo kusungunuka kwa chitsulo mkati mwa ng'anjo yomwe ili pafupi / chophatikizika ndi theka lokhazikika la makina opopera ndi jakisoni wachitsulo chosungunula kudzera pa pulayi yomira yomira mwachindunji kudzera pa gooseneck ndi nozzle ndi kulowa mkati. chida chakufa.Gooseneck ndi nozzle zimafunika kutenthetsa kuti zitsulo zisamazizira kwambiri zisanafike pabowo, kutentha konse ndi chitsulo chosungunula panjira iyi ndipamene dzina la chipinda chotentha limachokera.Kulemera kwa kuwombera kumayendetsedwa ndi sitiroko, kutalika ndi m'mimba mwake wa plunger komanso kukula kwa manja / chipinda ndipo mphuno imakhalanso ndi gawo lomwe liyenera kuganiziridwa pa mapangidwe akufa.Kamodzi zitsulo olimba mu kufa patsekeke (zimatenga masekondi pang'ono chabe) ndi kusuntha theka platen wa makina amene kusuntha theka la kufa anakonza kutsegula ndi kuponyera ndi ejected pa kufa nkhope ndi kuchotsedwa chida.Nkhope zakufa zimapakidwa mafuta kudzera pa makina opopera, kufa kumatseka ndikuzunguliranso.
Chifukwa cha "chotsekedwa" chitsulo chosungunula / jakisoni ndi makina ocheperako otenthetsera kutentha kwa chipinda kungapereke chuma chabwinoko chopanga.Zinc zitsulo zotayira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira kutentha kwa chipinda chotenthetsera chomwe chimakhala ndi malo osungunuka otsika kwambiri omwe amapereka mapindu ochepera pamakina (mphika, gooseneck, manja, plunger, nozzle) komanso kuvala kochepera pazida zofa (chida chotalikirapo). moyo poyerekeza ndi zida zoponyera aluminium kufa - malinga ndi kuvomereza kwabwino).
Dzina la chipinda chozizira limachokera ku ndondomeko yachitsulo chosungunula kutsanuliridwa mu chipinda chozizira / manja owombera omwe amamangiriridwa kupyolera mu theka lokhazikika la die platen kumbuyo kwa chida chokhazikika cha half die.Ng'anjo zachitsulo zosungunula / zosungunula zimakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi momwe zimakhalira kumapeto kwa makina oponyera kufa kotero kuti wogwiritsa ntchito pamanja kapena ladle yothira yokha amatha kutulutsa chitsulo chosungunuka chomwe chimafunikira pakuwombera / kuzungulira ndi ladle ndikutsanulira. chitsulo chosungunula mu dzenje lothira mkati mwa manja / chipinda chowombera.Nsonga ya plunger (yomwe ndi gawo lotha kuvala komanso losinthika, lopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri mpaka m'mimba mwake mowomberedwa ndikuloleza kukulitsa matenthedwe) yolumikizidwa ndi nkhosa yamphongo yamakina imakankhira chitsulo chosungunula kudzera muchipinda chowomberamo ndi kulowa m'bowo.Makina oponyera kufa akafunsidwa amayendetsa gawo loyamba kukankhira chitsulo chosungunuka kudutsa dzenje lothira m'manja.Magawo enanso amachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya hydraulic kuchokera ku nkhosa yamphongo kuti ibayire chitsulo chosungunula mumphako.Njira yonseyi imatenga masekondi, kuthamanga kofulumira komanso kowonjezereka komanso kutsika kwa kutentha kwachitsulo kumapangitsa kuti zitsulo zikhale zolimba muzitsulo zakufa.Theka losuntha la makina oponyera kufa limatsegulidwa (lomwe theka losuntha la chida chakufa limakhazikika) ndikutulutsa kutayira kolimba pankhope ya chidacho.Kuponyedwa kumachotsedwa, nkhope zakufa zimayikidwa ndi makina opopera ndipo kuzungulira kumabwerezedwa.
Makina achipinda chozizira ndi oyenerera kuponyedwa kwa aluminiyamu, magawo pamakina (manja owombera, nsonga ya plunger) amatha kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi, manja amatha kupaka zitsulo kuti awonjezere kulimba kwawo.Aluminiyamu alloy amasungunuka mu crucible ya ceramic chifukwa cha malo osungunuka a aluminiyamu komanso kufunikira kochepetsa chiwopsezo cha chitsulo chachitsulo chomwe ndi chiwopsezo mkati mwazitsulo zachitsulo.Chifukwa aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo chopepuka chachitsulo chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale zida zazikulu ndi zolemetsa zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu ndi kupepuka pamiyendo yakufa.
